Glossary

Parallel data analysis refers to the process of analyzing large volumes of data by dividing the workload across multiple computing resources that work in parallel. It involves breaking down the data and distributing the analysis tasks across multiple processors, servers, or computing nodes, allowing for faster and more efficient data processing. Parallel data analysis is commonly used in high-performance computing, big data analytics, and scientific research to expedite complex data analysis tasks.

Anyone involved in the International Data Spaces and taking on one or more of the established roles is considered a stakeholder. Each participant is assigned a unique identity by the Identity Provider.

A participant in a data ecosystem committed to contributing to a specific data space initiative.

In the context of software and computer systems, a patch refers to a piece of code or software update that is applied to fix bugs, vulnerabilities, or enhance functionality in an existing software program or operating system. Patches are typically released by software vendors or developers to address issues discovered after the initial release of the software. Applying patches helps to improve security, stability, and performance of the software, and it is an important practice for maintaining a secure and up-to-date system.

Pattern recognition is a field of study within artificial intelligence and machine learning that focuses on the identification and analysis of patterns or regularities in data. It involves developing algorithms and models that can recognize and classify patterns in various types of data, such as images, text, sound, or numerical data. Pattern recognition techniques are widely used in applications like image recognition, speech recognition, data mining, and predictive analytics. The goal of pattern recognition is to enable computers to automatically identify and understand patterns, leading to automated decision-making and intelligent data analysis.

The total greenhouse gas emissions (in carbon dioxide equivalents) associated with a product, regardless of the type of product (e.g., a single item, a quantity of items, or a service).

A consortium of network operators that defines the criteria and requirements for mobile devices. Every manufacturer must meet these requirements in order to release a compatible device in the market.

Peak shaving refers to techniques and measures aimed at decreasing the occurrence and magnitude of peak loads.

In a peer-to-peer (P2P) communications model, all parties possess equal capabilities and can initiate communication sessions interchangeably, resulting in a decentralized system.

Applications in the peer-to-peer model enable direct communication between network participants of the same rank. One example is Skype, where users can communicate directly with each other.

One interpretation of the definition of Gaia-X Labelling Criteria (as outlined in the Policy Rules and Labelling Document) is that Permissible Standards should identify specific standards or requirements, including controls within those standards, where compliance would be viewed as prima facie evidence of meeting the relevant Gaia-X criterion.

Permission in the context of data refers to the authorization given to data users for the processing of non-personal data. In data spaces, it may also include the right to process personal data, often granted through consent.

A PersistentVolume (PV) is a Kubernetes API object that represents storage within a cluster. Unlike storage that is specific to an individual Pod, PVs are a general resource that persists beyond the lifecycle of any given Pod. The PV API abstracts the details of how storage is provided, separate from how it is consumed. PVs are primarily used in cases where storage can be pre-provisioned statically. However, when on-demand storage is required, Kubernetes utilizes PersistentVolumeClaims (PVCs) instead.

A Persistent Volume Claim (PVC) is a Kubernetes API object that reserves storage resources from a PersistentVolume, allowing it to be mounted as a volume within a container. A PVC defines the storage capacity, access mode (read-only, read-write, and/or exclusive), and reclaim policy (retained, recycled, or deleted) for the reserved storage. The specifics of the storage are defined in the PersistentVolume object, while the PVC serves as a claim on that storage resource.

Personal data is any information that relates to an identifiable individual, where identification can be direct or indirect, using various identifiers.

An intermediary in a data space specifically focused on managing personal data.

The Pharmaceutical Central Number (PZN) is assigned by the Information Center for Medicinal Products (IFA) [1] for all products available in pharmacies (according to §25 of the Pharmacy Operation Regulation). In addition to providing a unique identification for a packaged finished medicinal product (supplier, dosage form, strength, package size), the PZN also serves as the basis for ordering and billing of medications in the healthcare sector.

A physical resource refers to a resource with a measurable weight and a spatial position, representing a tangible entity that serves as a host, manipulator, or participant in interactions with other physical entities.

A development methodology for C/C++ projects that homogenizes projects development process and automates operations to perform during their lifecycle.

Pilot projects serve the purpose of testing and, if necessary, adapting the effective functionality of the developed tools, processes, and methods under real conditions. During practical implementation, aspects may arise that were not or insufficiently considered during the development of the methods, tools, and processes. The goal is to identify these aspects and make corresponding adjustments.

The Bill of Equipment (BoE) is a comprehensive list of all the available resources, including both human and machine resources, provided by a production system.

Catena-X Automotive Network e.V.

In cloud computing diagrams, a platform as a service (PaaS) offering is often illustrated as being positioned between the SaaS layer above it and the IaaS layer below it. PaaS consists of a wide range of middleware services, such as application platforms, integration tools, business process management systems, and database services. Despite this, the PaaS concept is predominantly associated with application PaaS (aPaaS) and is therefore the focus of most of the attention surrounding the category.

A Platform Developer is an individual who tailors the Kubernetes platform to meet the specific requirements of their project. This customization could involve utilizing Custom Resources or extending the Kubernetes API with the aggregation layer to introduce new functionality that is unique to their Kubernetes instance and their application. Some Platform Developers contribute to the Kubernetes community by creating open-source extensions, while others develop proprietary or site-specific extensions.

Operation management involves planning, coordinating, and directing the activities that transform resources into the desired products and services, while also aligning with the company's overall business strategy.

An institution that develops norms and standards in the field of industrial automation.

Easy, user-friendly services for quick onboarding to delight our customer’s data transformation journey

A demonstration to validate the practical applicability of certain concepts or theories.

A Pod is the most basic and elementary object in Kubernetes. It is used to represent a group of containers that are running on a cluster. Usually, a Pod is configured to run a single primary container, but it can also support additional sidecar containers that provide supplementary functionalities such as logging. Deployments are typically used to manage Pods.

Pod disruption refers to the procedure of terminating Pods on Nodes, either deliberately or unintentionally. Voluntary disruptions are initiated on purpose by application owners or cluster administrators. On the other hand, involuntary disruptions occur inadvertently and may be triggered by unavoidable problems such as Nodes running low on resources or accidental deletions.

A Pod Disruption Budget is a tool that enables application owners to create an object for a replicated application. This object ensures that a specific number or percentage of Pods with a designated label will not be intentionally terminated at any given time. It is important to note that involuntary disruptions cannot be prevented by PDBs; however, they do count towards the budget.