Glossary

E-Business

E-business, also known as electronic business, refers to the implementation of various online business operations using the web, internet, extranet, or a combination of these platforms. These operations encompass a wide range of business processes, such as purchasing and selling goods and services, customer service, payment processing, supply chain management, collaboration with business partners, information sharing, automated employee services, and recruitment of new employees. E-business encompasses both customer-facing activities, internal operations, and management-focused tasks, all of which are conducted electronically.

E-Government

In a broader context, digitization encompasses the simplification and implementation of processes for information, communication, and transactions within and between state, municipal, and other government institutions, as well as between these institutions and citizens or companies, with the help of digital information and communication technologies.

E-Health

Elektronische Gesundheit (E-Health) ist ein Sammelbegriff für verschiedene elektronisch unterstützte Aktivitäten im Gesundheitswesen. Es umfasst die Gesamtheit aller elektronischen Anwendungen zur medizinischen Versorgung, obwohl es keine einheitliche rechtliche Definition dafür gibt.

E-Learning

The term "e-learning" refers to the promotion of learning processes by means of information and communication technologies.

E-Procurement

E-procurement, also referred to as electronic procurement or supplier exchange, involves the online requisitioning, ordering, and purchasing of goods and services. This process occurs in a business-to-business context.

Eclipse Dataspace Components

The Eclipse Dataspace Components (EDC) project, governed by the Eclipse Foundation, is an open-source initiative that offers a comprehensive suite of components for implementing dataspaces in accordance with IDSA requirements on IDS protocol, RAM rules and agreements, and IDSA certification scheme compliance.

Economic Profit

The concept of economic profit pertains to the discrepancy between the total revenue generated from sales and the explicit costs incurred in the production of goods or services, along with any opportunity costs.

Economist Intelligence Unit

Since 1946, the Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) has provided high-quality, independent information, forecasts and analysis on economic and business affairs. As a unique resource, it is a trusted source for businesses, government agencies, financial institutions and academic organizations worldwide. The information provided serves business leaders as a solid basis for their decision-making.

Ecosystem

An Ecosystem refers to a self-contained group of participants who directly or indirectly consume, produce, or provide services such as data, storage, computing, network services, or a combination of these. The Gaia-X Ecosystem is comprised of all the individual ecosystems that conform to Gaia-X requirements and use the Gaia-X Architecture. There may be several individual ecosystems (e.g., Catena-X) that are self-orchestrated, use the Gaia-X Architecture, and may or may not use the open-source software provided by Gaia-X Federation Services.

Electronic process network in reporting

A project initiated by the OCSI control center on behalf of the federal and state governments in July 2001 aimed to create an electronic process network among German registration offices. In an open process that included all interested parties, the critical messages of the resident registration system were standardized. XMeld relies entirely on XML and uses a transport protocol specifically developed for public administration called Online Services Computer Interface (OSCI) to ensure data protection.

Electronic transaction processing

A digital representation of paper files that allows for various links to relevant content. The processing of this representation is done electronically.

Electronics Manufacturing Services

Services that cover the complete manufacturing of electronic assemblies, devices, and systems - from development to printed circuit board assembly, to sophisticated testing concepts, and worldwide delivery. EMS can be translated as manufacturing services for electronic components.

Emergency-Call

An automatic emergency call system for motor vehicles will be mandatory for all new models of cars and light commercial vehicles throughout the EU from October 2015.

Emission Modelling

An important role in implementing environmentally friendly mobility concepts is played by the modeling of expected emissions (emission modeling) based on real-time environmental data and their integration into dynamic traffic control systems.

End-User

An End-User is an individual or process that is not a Principal, utilizing a digital offering from a Consumer. The End-User is identified within the context of the Consumer.

Endpoint

The term refers to the pairing of a binding and a network address.

Enterprise Bill of Processes/Engineering Bill of Processes

The enterprise bill of processes or engineering bill of processes is a document that serves as the equivalent of an eBOM but for process description. It aims to map the processes involved in assembly and manufacturing, but at a slightly higher level than the mBOP, in order to allow for special execution of process steps specific to a manufacturing site. The document does not distinguish whether these variations occur within different manufacturing sites of a single company or across multiple companies, which is why the term "Engineering Bill of Processes" may be more appropriate than "Enterprise Bill of Processes." For more information, see also BOP.

Enterprise-Resource-Planning

ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) refers to business application software that identifies and plans a company's resources. It is an integrated planning and control system that can map business processes. ERP includes various modules.

Entity

An item that has a distinct existence and is relevant for the operation of a domain can be referred to as an entity

Ethernet

A protocol mainly used for data transmission in local area networks (LANs). See also: LAN.

European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations

The organization is an umbrella association of 48 European regulatory authorities, founded in 1959 by originally 19 authorities. The organization primarily works in three autonomous committees: the Electronic Communications Committee (ECC), the European Committee for Postal Regulation (CERP), and the Committee for ITU Policy (Com-ITU). The work is supported by an office, the European Communications Office (ECO), located in Copenhagen, Denmark.

European Data Innovation Board

The European Data Innovation Board (EDIB) is a formal panel of experts established to provide advice and support to the European Commission. Its role is defined in the Data Governance Act, which includes the responsibility to suggest guidelines for creating shared dataspaces across Europe.

Event

Events in Kubernetes are a means to report system state changes within the cluster. Although they signify some alteration in the system, their timing and message content may vary with time, and they have a limited retention time. Thus, consumers of events should not depend on the timing of an event with a given reason, nor should they rely on the existence of events with that reason. Instead, events should be viewed as additional, best-effort, informative data. In Kubernetes, the audit process generates a distinct type of event record called API group audit.k8s.io.

Event Data Store

Whenever a transaction occurs, event data records are generated at a very detailed level by various sources such as business applications, IT infrastructure, and security systems. Any record that documents a transaction and is marked with a timestamp qualifies as an event data. However, the information within these records is typically raw and lacks significance unless it is associated with other event data records.

Eviction

Eviction is a mechanism in Kubernetes for terminating one or more Pods on Nodes. This process includes two different types of evictions: Node-pressure eviction and API-initiated eviction.

Evolved Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service

A mobile service within the LTE mobile communications standard that enables efficient transmission of mobile TV and other multimedia services to many mobile users. In this case, the data is transmitted simultaneously to all users, which, in contrast to conventional methods where the data stream is sent individually to each user, results in significantly lower network traffic.

Example Standard (ref. Policy Rules and Labelling Document)

Within the Gaia-X Labelling Criteria definition context (refer to Policy Rules and Labelling Document), potential means of implementation should be identified by example standards. These example standards ought to present possible ways for criteria implementation. It is not mandatory to comply with any of these standards or their implementations. Gaia-X may provide additional notes in case significant differences are identified. The example standards' purpose is to aid in assessing conformity with Gaia-X, as they can be viewed as "implementation guidance."

Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol

The XMPP protocol is an instant messaging protocol that is based on TCP and offers extensive additional functions. In addition to messaging, it also allows for conferences with multiple users. Using XMPP requires at least one server to act as a mediator between the individual XMPP nodes. It is also possible for multiple servers to exchange messages across domains.

Extensions

Extensions are additional software components that integrate with Kubernetes to support new hardware types or provide additional functionality. They are typically used by cluster administrators to extend the capabilities of Kubernetes. Hosted or distribution instances of Kubernetes often come with extensions pre-installed, so most users won't need to install or create their own extensions.

External Data Representation

External Data Representation (XDR) is a data structure situated at the presentation layer of the OSI reference model that enables a machine-, operating system-, and network-agnostic data structure within the Network File System (NFS). XDR supports a range of basic data types that are assembled to create more sophisticated data structures. Its aim is to facilitate the exchange of data between computers that operate with varying data representations. XDR aligns different forms of notation with each other and standardizes computing operations, including floating-point calculations, which may be conducted differently on different computers.